Figure 1: Magnetic structures in a bilayered manganese oxide La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7 with x =0.315 and centrosymmetric space group I 4/ mmm.
From: Biskyrmion states and their current-driven motion in a layered manganite
(a) Temperature profiles of the in-plane and out-of-plane magnetizations at a magnetic field of 0.05 T applied along the [110] and [001] axes, respectively. Insets show the schematic illustration of bilayered perovskite structure (upper right panel), spin configuration (lower left corner) with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy below 60 K, and schematic drawing of a rectangular-shaped sample (middle) for magnetization measurements. (b) The ferromagnetic domains with out-of-plane magnetization represented by the lateral magnetization distribution as obtained by transport-of-intensity equation (TIE) analysis of the Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data on the (110)-plane plate sample. (c,d) The under-focused Lorentz TEM image of in-plane spontaneous stripes (c) observed in the (001)-plane plate sample after zero field cooling (ZFC) and the corresponding spin texture (d) as obtained by TIE analysis of the Lorentz TEM data shown in the boxed area of c. (e,f) The under-focused Lorentz TEM image (e) of magnetic bubbles and pinched-off stripes observed in the (001)-plane plate in zero field after the FC procedure in 0.15 T, and the corresponding spin texture (f) of the mixed magnetic structure shown in the boxed area of e. (g,h) The under-focused Lorentz TEM image (g) in a magnetic field of 0.35 T applied normal to the (001)-plane plate at 20 K and the corresponding spin texture (h) of the biskyrmion lattice shown in the boxed area of g. Insets to f and h show the in-plane magnetization distributions of a bubble with a pair of Bloch lines and a biskyrmion in the boxed areas in f and h, respectively. Scale bars in b–h correspond to 300 nm.
