Figure 7: Reduction in hepatic TLR4 improves insulin resistance in HFD and LKO mice.
From: The serine protease prostasin regulates hepatic insulin sensitivity by modulating TLR4 signalling

(a) Blood glucose levels during a GTT and PTT, and the AUC for the PTT in ND and HFD mice transfected with Control siRNA or TLR4 siRNA (n=8 mice per group). Values shown are the mean±s.d.; *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 for HFD-TLR4 KD versus HFD-Control KD (two-way ANOVA). ††P<0.01 and †††P<0.001 versus ND-Control KD (one-way ANOVA). (b) Western blotting for the insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and TLR4 protein levels in livers from ND and HFD mice transfected with Control siRNA and TLR4 siRNA. Representative western blot images are shown (n=4 mice per group). (c) Blood glucose levels during a GTT and PTT, and the AUC for the PTT in ND mice infected with an adenovirus carrying LacZ (Ad-LacZ) or mouse TLR4 (Ad-mTLR4) (n=8 mice per group). Values are shown as the mean±s.d.; *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 versus ND-Ad-LacZ (two-way ANOVA). (d) Western blotting for the insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and TLR4 protein levels in livers from ND mice infected with Ad-LacZ or Ad-mTLR4. Representative western blot images are shown (n=4 mice per group). (e) Blood glucose levels during a GTT and PTT, and the area under the curve for the PTT in LKO mice transfected with Control, TLR4, MYD88 or TLR2 siRNA (n=6–8 mice per group). Values are shown as the mean±s.d. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 for LKO-TLR4 KD versus LKO-Control KD (two-way ANOVA). #P<0.05, ##P<0.01 and ###P<0.001 for LKO-MYD88 KD versus LKO-Control KD (two-way ANOVA). †††P<0.001 versus Flox-Control KD (one-way ANOVA). (f) Western blotting for insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and the TLR4, MYD88 and TLR2 protein level in livers from LKO mice transfected with Control, TLR4, MYD88 and TLR2 siRNA. Representative western blot images are shown (n=3 mice per group).