Figure 6: Molecular mechanism of NA-mediated Th2 differentiation.

(a) Naive CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3∈ plus anti-CD28 with or without non-CpG for the indicated periods and mRNA expression was analysed by real-time PCR. *P<0.01, Student’s t-test (compared with anti-CD3/CD28 alone). (b) Naive CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated by NAs or IL-4 and analysed similarly in (a). *P<0.01, Student’s t-test (compared with anti-CD3/CD28 alone). (c) Naive CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3∈ plus anti-CD28 together with non-CpG for 48 h, and ChIP analyses were performed by immunoprecipitation with control Ab (IgG) or anti-GATA-3. Quantitative PCR analysis of the GATA3 binding at the IL-4 and IL-13 gene promoters. The results were normalized to those of a standardized aliquot of input chromatin. *P<0.05, Student’s t-test (compared with anti-CD3/CD28 alone). (d,e) Naive CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated in the presence of non-CpG or anti-IFN-γ Ab and mRNA expression (d) and intracellular cytokine expression (day 6) (e) were analysed. *P<0.01, Student’s t-test (compared with anti-CD3/CD28 alone). (f) Naive CD4⁺ T cells from WT and IL-4Rα^−/− mice were stimulated and analysed similarly in (a). *P<0.01, Student’s t-test (compared with anti-CD3/CD28 plus non-CpG in WT cells). Error bars indicate s.d. Data are representative of at least two independent experiments.