Figure 1: PsIsc1 is a virulence factor in P. sojae.

(a) Relative levels of PsIsc1 transcripts in P. sojae transformants measured using qRT–PCR. Relative transcript levels were standardized using P. sojae actin gene. T10 showed no significant transcriptional changes and served as a control. (b) Western blotting of proteins from P. sojae transformants expressing PsIsc1-His (OT3 and OT20). Anti-His antibody was used and a band at the expected size was detected (upper panel). Total proteins were stained using Ponceau S (lower panel). (c) Lesion lengths of soybean-etiolated seedling hypocotyls inoculated with 100 zoospores (36 hpi). (d) Phenotypes of soybean-etiolated seedlings inoculated with P. sojae transgenic lines. Typical photos taken at 36 hpi are shown. (e) Free SA and SAG levels (12 hpi) in soybean tissues infected with the WT strain and P. sojae transformants. FW, fresh weight. (f) Relative expression of soybean PR1 in plants infected with the WT strain and transgenic lines at 12 hpi. Expression was normalized against soybean actin. In a–f, bars represent the s.e. from at least three independent replicates. Asterisks indicate significant differences (*P<0.05; **P<0.01; Dunnett’s test) between each transgenic line and the WT control.