Figure 3: Magnetic responsiveness of magnetically tunable hydrogels.

(a) Magnetization time of radicalized hydrogels for 30 min. Magnetization time is the elapsed time until hydrogels were magnetized and became responsive to magnetic field. After applying (b) 15 s and (c) 1 min magnetic field, percentage of magnetically responsive hydrogels. Left to right in the plots (a–c): 20% PEGDMA (blue), 50% PEGDMA (orange) and 5% GelMA (red), respectively, for a range of stable radical concentration: 10, 30 and 150 mg ml⁻¹. Gels are stained with 1% dye for 30 min, soaked in stable radical solution for another 30 min. n=10 measurements each. (d–f) Magnetic responsiveness of radicalized hydrogels: (d) 20% PEGDMA, (e) 50% PEGDMA and (f) 5% GelMA, for a range of elapsed time. Gels are stained with 1% dye for 30 min, soaked in stable radical solution for another 30 min. n=6 percentages, each percentage from ten measurements. (g–i) Magnetization time of radicalized 20% PEGDMA hydrogels for 1 day for a range of stable radical concentrations: (g) 10 mg ml⁻¹, (h) 30 mg ml⁻¹ and (i) 150 mg ml⁻¹. n=10 measurements each.