Figure 3: Haploid chromosome numbers mapped onto the lepidopteran tree of life and a phylogenetic hypothesis for Nymphalidae. | Nature Communications

Figure 3: Haploid chromosome numbers mapped onto the lepidopteran tree of life and a phylogenetic hypothesis for Nymphalidae.

From: The Glanville fritillary genome retains an ancient karyotype and reveals selective chromosomal fusions in Lepidoptera

Figure 3

(a) The lepidopteran tree of life showing the placement of focal species with their haploid chromosome number (n). The named species are those for which whole-genome sequence and linkage map are available (only linkage map for Biston). Major clades, often defined as superfamilies, are coloured. In the Papilionoidea clade (the butterflies), the family Nymphalidae is highlighted in light blue, with the putative ancestral chromosome number of n=31 (for justification see panel b). The topology is taken from Regier et al.69 (b) Haploid chromosome number mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis for Nymphalidae. The character state ‘31’ is shown to be the most likely ancestral state for the family. The four species with whole-genome sequences are highlighted. Details of the source of phylogenetic hypothesis as well as chromosome numbers are found in the Supplementary Note 11.

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