Figure 1: Polymer–fullerene heterostructure NPs.

(a) Schematic illustration of P3HT/PCBM-blended NP structure: light blue ellipses represent excitons; light blue circles and red circles/ellipse represent holes and electrons, respectively; blue and red arrows represent the direction of hole and electron motion, respectively; the green circle represents a bound electron–hole pair. (b) absorption spectra of neat P3HT, P3HT/10%PCBM, P3HT/20%PCBM NP aqueous suspensions and excitation pulse spectrum.