Figure 2: Native 3D architecture of normal human ciliary axonemes.
From: Cryo-electron tomography reveals ciliary defects underlying human RSPH1 primary ciliary dyskinesia
(a,b) Tomographic slices show an intact axoneme in cross-sectional (a; 100-nm-thick in proximal-to-distal orientation) and longitudinal (b; 15-nm-thick with proximal on left) views (orientations are consistent in all subsequent figures). Nine DMTs surround the CPC; orientation of b is indicated in a; boxes in b highlight 96-nm repeats. (c–e) Tomographic slices show the averaged 96-nm repeat from 12 tomograms of axonemes in cross-sectional (c; 5-nm-thick) and longitudinal (d,e; 10-nm-thick) views; orientations of (d,e) are indicated in c. (f,g) Diagrams of a 96-nm repeat of human motile cilia with four ODAs (dyneins β and γ), six single-headed IDAs (dyneins a–e,g), the double-headed IDA I1/f, the Nexin–Dynein Regulatory Complex (N-DRC) and three RSs (RS1-3); At/Bt, A- and B-tubules. Scale bars: (a,b) 50 nm, (c–e) 25 nm.
