Figure 4: Synergistic model of syntaxin clustering in the membrane.
From: Hydrophobic mismatch sorts SNARE proteins into distinct membrane domains
Syntaxin membrane clustering is induced by a combination of hydrophobic mismatch (increased by cholesterol-induced membrane thickening) and electrostatic interactions with ions and PI(4,5)P2. The membrane clusters are further refined by protein–protein interactions in the aqueous space.
