Figure 2: Real-time optical analysis of film formation.
From: A real-time study of the benefits of co-solvents in polymer solar cell processing
(a) The interference of incident laser light is monitored to measure the solvent layer thickness during drying as function of time. (b) Scattered laser light monitors the onset of liquid–liquid phase separation. (c) A change in the diffuse reflection of white light detected the change in the absorption spectrum that accompanies aggregation of polymer chains in solution.
