Figure 6: Response to five Agung-like eruptions of the last millennium in reconstructions and IPSL-CM5-LR simulations.
From: Bidecadal North Atlantic ocean circulation variability controlled by timing of volcanic eruptions
Time series of the composite formed by the ensemble of the five members for five Agung-like eruptions (taking place in 1118, 1352, 1460, 1511, 1695) over the last millennium identified through the same volcanic forcing reconstruction used in last millennium simulation53: (a) Simulated AMOC maximum at 48°N, (b) Growth increments in the bivalve Arctica islandica49, (c) Simulated North Atlantic SST between 25 and 55°N, (d) first principal component of six yearly Greenland δ18O ice core reconstructions. The ensemble correlation between the five individual time series following the respective eruptions is shown for each index in top right of each panel. A 5-year running mean has been applied to all time series. Data have been standardized and expressed in normalized units. The average of the response following the five eruptions is shown with lines, and the envelope of the response is displayed through the shading around these lines.
