Figure 5: Behavioural response predictability correlates with ensemble neural synchrony.

(a) Pairwise correlation between PORs (a measure of behaviour predictability) observed in different locusts were calculated as a function of time (mean±s.e.m.). The red traces quantify neural synchrony for the same set of odour stimuli (spike counts in 100 ms time bins were used to match the behavioural response resolution). Following conditioned stimulus introductions, significant correlations were observed between physiology and behavioural data for all conditions tested (Pearson’s correlation coefficient; n=60 time bins including 4 s of odour exposures and 2 s of offset responses). (b) Maximum value of the pairwise correlation to solitary and overlapping presentations of different conditioned stimuli are summarized (mean±s.e.m.). Asterisks indicate significant change in pairwise correlation between PORs (*P <0.05, not significant (NS) is P>0.05; Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons; n=171, 465, 210 pairs of locusts). (c) Comparison of the peak neural synchrony are shown for those stimuli also used in the POR assay (mean±s.e.m.; n=10 trials). Asterisks indicate significant reductions (*P<0.05, NS is P>0.05, paired t-test).