Figure 5: IL-33- or IL-2-induced ILC2s can mediate lung immunity to NB infection. | Nature Communications

Figure 5: IL-33- or IL-2-induced ILC2s can mediate lung immunity to NB infection.

From: ILC2s and T cells cooperate to ensure maintenance of M2 macrophages for lung immunity against hookworms

Figure 5

(a,b) Mice were treated intranasally with rmIL-33 or PBS and/or intraperitoneally with anti-CD4 (GK1.5) antibody, 2 days before i.v. infection with Nb. Lungs were harvested 2 days after infection (n=4 mice, mean+s.e.m., pool of four independent experiments, ANOVA). (a) Number of N. brasiliensis larvae in the lung 2 days post-primary infection (Nb), and with anti-CD4 and/or intranasal rmIL-33 or PBS treatment. (b) Number of ILC2s in the lung after primary N. brasiliensis infection (Nb), and after intranasal rmIL-33 or PBS administration, in the presence or absence of anti-CD4. (c) Number of N. brasiliensis larvae in the lung of Rag1−/− mice 2 days post i.v. primary infection following intranasal rmIL-33 or PBS treatment (n=5, mean+s.e.m., representative of two independent experiments, t-test). (d) Number of N. brasiliensis larvae in the lung 2 days post-primary infection (Nb) in wild-type B6, Stat6−/− and Il-4−/− mice (n=5 mice, mean+s.e.m., representative of two independent experiments, ANOVA) after rmIL-33 and anti-CD4 administration. (e) Representative flow cytometry analysis of IL-13+ cells using the 4C13R reporter mice, treated as in a. (f) Number of red blood cells in the BALF of mice treated as in a, (n=4 mice, mean+s.e.m., representative of two independent experiments, t-test). (g) Differential larvae number in the airways (dark grey bars) or lung parenchyma (light grey bars, n=4 mice, mean+s.e.m., representative of two independent experiments, t-test). (h) Number of N. brasiliensis larvae in the lung, 2 days post-primary i.v. infection with anti-CD4 administration and either intranasal rmIL-33 or intraperitoneal IL-2C treatment (n=4 mice, mean+s.e.m., pool of two independent experiments, ANOVA). (i) Number of IL-13+ ILC2s in the lung, 2 days post-primary infection with anti-CD4 administration and either intranasal rmIL-33 or intraperitoneal IL-2C treatment (n=5, mean+s.e.m., ANOVA). (j) Number of N. brasiliensis larvae in the BALF, 2 days post-primary infection and intraperitoneal IL-2C or PBS treatment of Rag1−/−, treated daily with anti-CD90 or isotype control (30H12, n=4 mice, mean+s.e.m., ANOVA). (k) Number of ILC2s in the lung, 2 days post primary infection and intraperitoneal IL-2C treatment of Rag1−/−, treated daily with anti-CD90 or isotype control (n=3–5, mean+s.e.m., ANOVA). *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; ****P<0.0001. RBC, red blood cell.

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