Figure 2: Optogenetic generation of tetanic contractions.
From: Optogenetic control of contractile function in skeletal muscle

(a) Representative examples of sustained contractions generated by various 2-s-long illumination patterns. (b) Quantification of average force during optical stimulation in comparison with electrical stimulation (100 Hz, 20 V, 1 ms, biphasic) (P<0.0001, repeated Dunnett ANOVA test with continuous light stimulation as control, n=6). (c) Relationship between repetition rate and average force normalized to maximal electrical stimulation for different light pulse durations (n=4). Error bars, s.e.m. Av., average; cont., continuous; elect., electrical; norm., normalized; stim., stimulation.