Figure 3: Isolated caffeine-subsisting bacteria and their activity in H. hampei.
From: Gut microbiota mediate caffeine detoxification in the primary insect pest of coffee
(a) Caffeine gradient plate depicting bacterial colonies isolated from H. hampei digestive tract and their identity as determined by phylogenetic analyses. P. fulva was the main group of isolates obtained. (b) Phylogenetic tree for the caffeine demethylase alpha-subunit (NdmA) sequences obtained from isolated bacteria (yellow) and also from RNA extracted from H. hampei field specimens (green). (c) Four-week antibiotic-pre-treated H. hampei specimens were inoculated with P. fulva, reinstating their ability to degrade caffeine as demonstrated using FTIR and GC–MS measurements of caffeine in their frass (see Table 1).
