Figure 1: Quantitative intensity and phase imaging to localize nanoparticles.
From: Three-dimensional nanometre localization of nanoparticles to enhance super-resolution microscopy

(a) Schematic of the optical set-up and sample. The microscope port highlighted in yellow is dedicated to intensity and phase imaging of nanoparticles in transillumination using the microscope lamp, with MHM the acronym for Modified Hartman Mask. The port highlighted in red corresponds to dSTORM imaging. (b) Intensity and phase images of two 100 nm gold nanoparticles, in-focus (z=0) or slightly defocused (z=±250 nm). Note the contrast inversion in the phase images on defocusing and the weak variations of the intensity signal. The scale bar, 2 μm. (c) Intensity (black squares) and phase (red dots) response of a single 100 nm gold nanoparticle recorded versus the mechanical sample displacement. Lines are the results of the numerical propagation computed using the z=0 plane data only; they are not numerical fits to the experimental data.