Table 1 Results from the estimation of natural and external trends in SLR.

Station	Availability	Hurst exponent α			LAG1 autocorrelation c			Observed trend (mm per year) and significance			Natural trend (mm per year)		External trend (mm per year)
		OBS	ATM	RES	OBS	ATM	RES	OBS	Case 1*	Case 2 ^†	Case 1	Case 2	Case 1	Case 2
Vlissingen	1900–2011	0.72	0.52	0.86	0.14	0.01	0.51	2.18	(1.00)	(1.00)	0.66	0.80	1.52	1.38
Hoek van Holland	1900–2011	0.71	0.51	0.86	0.17	0.00	0.45	2.24	(1.00)	(1.00)	0.69	0.81	1.54	1.42
Ijmuiden	1900–2011	0.73	0.52	0.90	0.16	0.01	0.51	2.04	(1.00)	(1.00)	0.85	1.05	1.19	0.99
Den Helder	1900–2011	0.67	0.54	0.89	0.13	0.06	0.45	1.25	(1.00)	(0.99)	0.64	0.89	0.61	0.36
Delfzijl	1900–2011	0.62	0.51	0.86	0.13	0.04	0.40	1.55	(1.00)	(0.99)	0.59	0.98	0.96	0.57
Norderney	1900–2011	0.61	0.56	0.84	0.15	0.11	0.50	1.84	(1.00)	(1.00)	0.60	0.91	1.25	0.94
Cuxhaven	1900–2011	0.60	0.56	0.82	0.16	0.11	0.50	1.76	(1.00)	(0.99)	0.65	0.85	1.11	0.91
Esbjerg	1900–2011	0.57	0.56	0.80	0.15	0.11	0.43	0.71	(1.00)	(0.81)	0.58	0.84	0.13	−
Hirtshals	1900–2011	0.65	0.56	0.86	0.20	0.14	0.37	1.17	(1.00)	(0.99)	0.69	1.04	0.48	0.13
Aberdeen	1900–2011	0.73	0.50	0.88	0.21	0.05	0.39	1.79	(1.00)	(1.00)	0.66	0.89	1.13	0.89
North Shields	1900–2011	0.88	0.52	0.96	0.35	0.04	0.53	2.29	(1.00)	(1.00)	1.25	1.43	1.05	0.86

The table provides an overview over the main values derived from an assessment of each tide gauge record in the North Sea. The Hurst exponents α are derived from a DFA2. All trends are calculated for the common period from 1900 to 2011 using a confidence level of 99% (P=0.99). The significance S of each trend is provided in brackets.
^*Case 1: integrated assessment.
^†Case 2: separate assessment.

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