Figure 4: Flow depth throughout Hernani when a bore strikes the house of Fig. 2.

(a) Snapshot at t=625 s of the two-dimensional BOSZ simulation. The black triangle indicates the location of the house in Fig. 2. Black and red lines are bathymetric and topographic contours, respectively, in metres above MSL. Wavemakers are located 290 m inside the domain from the South, East and North offshore boundaries. Sponge layers to absorb short-period oscillations are placed between the wavemakers and the boundary walls. The computed domain is 5 km long in the East–West direction and 6.9 m long in the North–South direction. An animation of this figure is available as Supplementary Movie 1. (b) Close-up on the reef and town. White lines are sea bottom elevation contours beginning at MSL and continuing downward at 5-m intervals. Black lines are land elevation contours beginning at 1 m above MSL and continuing upward at 1-m intervals to 10 m above MSL (higher elevations omitted). Arrows are flow velocity vectors. An animation of this figure is available as Supplementary Movie 2.