Figure 1: Distribution of the nine macaque sampling sites.

Number of individuals sampled at each site is indicated. All sites are urban/peri-urban, with known contact between macaques and people, livestock and domestic animals (though frequency of contact is not assessed here). Number of samples collected is not consistent across sites, however sampling effort (number of collection days per site) is the same. Further description of each site is provided in Supplementary Table 3.