Figure 1: HIV-1 DNA is associated with HIV-1-specific T-cell immunity and HLA class I alleles.

HIV-1 DNA levels presented according to whether the participant made a (a) CD4 or (b) CD8 interferon gamma ELISPOT response to HIV-1 Gag. Grey and white box and whisker plots represent Integrated and Total HIV-1 DNA, respectively, with diamonds indicating mean values: ‘Integrated No response’ 3.72, ‘Integrated Response’ 3.49, ‘Total No Response’ 4.01, ‘Total Response’ 3.77 log₁₀ copies per million CD4 T cells, respectively. Significance determined using (a) t-tests and (b) linear regression. HIV-1 DNA reported as log₁₀ copies per million CD4 T cells. Patient numbers: for ‘No Response’ and ‘Response’ for Total (n=33 and 60) and for Integrated (n=27 and 45), respectively. For 0, 1, 2, 3+ CD8+ T-cell responses for Total (n=22, 40, 25 and 20) and Integrated (n=22, 30, 23 and 17), respectively. (c) HLA Class I alleles ranked according to the median value of Total HIV-1 DNA, presented as box and whisker plots. Red and blue bars represent alleles associated with HIV-1 control and rapid progression, respectively. The horizontal black line represents the median value of the cohort and the box represents the inter-quartile range. The whiskers extend to the largest value within 1.5*IQR, with additional data points showing outliers. Patient numbers given in Supplementary Table 3. 0.01<*P<0.05, 0.001<**P<0.01, ***P<0.0001. Significance determined by Mann–Whitney test of target population against the rest of the patient samples.