Figure 2: Measurement of the OAM moments of a superposition of with variable coefficients. | Nature Communications

Figure 2: Measurement of the OAM moments of a superposition of with variable coefficients.

From: Directly measuring mean and variance of infinite-spectrum observables such as the photon orbital angular momentum

Figure 2

Behaviour of the first (a) and second (b) moment and of the root mean square deviation (c) of the OAM distribution of the beam prepared using a q-plate, as a function of the q-plate tuning voltage controlling its retardation θ and for different values of the polarization helicity s3 before the q-plate. The two parameters θ and s3, together with the q-plate charge q, define the specific OAM superposition of states having and . Experimental data points for are represented by (), for by □ (▪), for s3=0.50(−0.50) by (♦) and for s3=0 by . Error bars represent standard deviations due to misalignment errors, estimated by repeating the experiments after realignment. The curves give the corresponding theoretical predictions calculated from equation (7) for s3=±1 (dotted curves), s3=±0.87 (dashed curves), s3=±0.50 (dot-dashed curves) and s3=0 (solid curve).

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