Figure 1: 4D single-pulse microscopy.
From: Observing in space and time the ephemeral nucleation of liquid-to-crystal phase transitions
(a) The delayed e− packet and the heating pulse enable the degree of crystallization to be measured by probing the increased intensity of diffraction at a given time delay. (b) Morphological (static) and structural (dynamic) transformation before and after the heating pulse is focused onto the amorphous TiO2 nanofilm. A series of 2D diffraction patterns for negative, intermediate and a final time frame reflects the degree of transformation; scale bar, 1 μm.
