Table 1 List of antibiotics and their classification in S. pneumoniae.

Name	Abbr.	Family	Inhibited pathway	Target (enzyme activity)	Classification*	MIC^† [μg ml⁻¹]	F10^‡ [μg ml⁻¹]
Erythromycin	ERY	Macrolides	Protein synthesis	Aminoacyl translocase	Bacteriostatic	0.056	0.068
Chloramphenicol	CHL	—	Protein synthesis	Peptidyl transferase	Bacteriostatic	2.2	2.6
Tetracycline	TET	Tetracyclines	Protein synthesis	Aminoacyl-tRNA access	Bacteriostatic	0.26	0.32
Rifampicin	RIF	Rifamycins	mRNA synthesis	RNA polymerase	Bacteriostatic	0.032	0.038
Kanamycin	KAN	Aminoglycosides	Protein synthesis	30S subunit/mistranslations	Bactericidal	150	180
Streptomycin	STR	Aminoglycosides	Protein synthesis	30S subunit/mistranslations	Bactericidal	32	56
Trimethoprim	TMP	—	DNA synthesis	Dihydrofolate reductase	Bactericidal	1.0	1.8
Ciprofloxacin	CIP	Quinolones	DNA synthesis	Topoisomerase (type-II)	Bactericidal	1.2	1.5
Ampicillin	AMP	Penicillins	Cell wall synthesis	Transpeptidase (PBPs)	Bacteriolytic	0.018	—
Penicillin G	PEN	Penicillins	Cell wall synthesis	Transpeptidase (PBPs)	Bacteriolytic	0.015	—
Vancomycin	VAN	Glycopeptides	Cell wall synthesis	D-alanyl-D-alanine access	Bacteriolytic	0.22	—
Cephalexin	LEX	Cephalosporins	Cell wall synthesis	Transpeptidase (PBPs)	Bacteriolytic	1.5	—

^*Colour code for antibiotic classifications (applied in figures): bacteriostatic in blue; bactericidal in red; and bacteriolytic in yellow.
^†MICs, as determined by broth microdilution²⁸.
^‡F10 concentrations: drug amount that limits OD increase of treated cultures to a factor 10 within 10 h of cultivation.

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