Supplementary Figure 11: Clonal expansions and microenvironmental niches produce a deviation from the power-law.
From: Identification of neutral tumor evolution across cancer types
By introducing a second population with a 65% fitness advantage (P = (p0 = 0, p1 = 0.8, p2 = 0.2), Q = (p0 = 0, p1 = 0.02, p2 = 0.98)) when the tumor comprises 80 cells, we see a second peak at VAF ~0.2 (a) and a bend in the cumulative distribution plot (b). A subclonal tumor architecture where mutations from the same subclone cluster around allelic frequencies would not show patterns consistent with neutrality, both when we consider two (c,d) and three (e,f) different subclones within a sample. A new phenotypically distinct clone introduced with a tenfold higher mutation rate (20 per division to 200 per division) also produces a deviation from the neutral power-law (g,h).
