Supplementary Figure 7: A model of chitinase-like protein function during innate immune responses. | Nature Immunology

Supplementary Figure 7: A model of chitinase-like protein function during innate immune responses.

From: Chitinase-like proteins promote IL-17-mediated neutrophilia in a tradeoff between nematode killing and host damage

Supplementary Figure 7

Expression of Ym1 and Ym2 regulates IL-1β and IL-18 expression leading to the expansion of IL-17A-producing γδ T cells triggering epithelial cells to secrete neutrophil-chemotactic factors CXCL1, CXCL5 and CCL3 resulting in neutrophil infiltration. BRP-39 stimulates IL-18 also leading to IL-17A-production by γδ T cells but in a way that does not trigger downstream neutrophil chemotaxis. During these innate settings, Ym1 and Ym2 cause neutrophils to accumulate, a function that can be host-protective by limiting helminth parasite integrity but at the same time is costly to the host by promoting acute lung.

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