Supplementary Figure 5: IL-26 forms complexes with bacterial DNA that activate pDCs to produce type I interferon.

(a) Gel shift assay of bactDNA mixed with increasing concentrations of rhIL-26 (left). Mixing with rhIL-17 or IL-22 was used as a control. (b) Fluorescence microscopy imaging of Alexa Fluor 488–labeled bactDNA mixed with rhIL-17, rhIL-22 or rhIL-26. (a,b) Data are representative of two independent experiments. (c) IFN-α produced by pDCs stimulated with increasing concentrations of IL-26 either alone or in complex with bactDNA. Data are representative of three independent experiments. Error bars represent the s.d. of duplicate wells. (d,e) IFN-α produced by pDCs stimulated overnight with (d) increasing concentrations of E. coli lysate (titrated according to DNA content) in the presence or not of IL-26, (e) E. coli lysate alone or in the presence of IL-26, with or without DNase pretreatment. d,e, Data are representative of three independent experiments. Error bars represent the s.d. of triplicate wells. Data in e were statistically analyzed via unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test; *P < 0.01.