Supplementary Figure 7: Learning-related information about trial outcome in oscillatory synchrony between all area pairs
From: Frequency-specific hippocampal-prefrontal interactions during associative learning
(a) Mean synchrony (PLV) spectrograms between pairs of electrodes in PFC (left; n = 648), in HPC (right; n = 694), and between HPC and PFC (center; n = 970), following correct (top) and incorrect (bottom) trials. (b) Mean z-scored difference in synchrony (dPLV) between correct and incorrect trials, plotted across learning stages, for all pairs of studied areas (HPC-PFC data replotted from main text Fig. 4c). (c) Summary of synchrony learning effects—mean (± s.e.m.) synchrony difference pooled within the alpha/beta-band (top) and theta-band (bottom) regions of interest, as a function of learning stage. Synchrony between distinct sites within PFC (red) follows a similar pattern to the cross-area synchrony (purple)—theta decreases (P = 3×10−4), while alpha/beta increases with learning (P ≤ 10−4, 2-sided permutation test on early vs. late learning). In contrast, intra-hippocampal synchrony increases with learning for both the theta (P = 2×10−4) and alpha/beta bands (P ≤ 10−4), indicating the observed learning effects do not reflect global state changes that are invariant across all brain areas.
