Supplementary Figure 3: Prediction-error coding in LA neurons re-emerges with optogenetic inhibition of CeA inputs to vlPAG | Nature Neuroscience

Supplementary Figure 3: Prediction-error coding in LA neurons re-emerges with optogenetic inhibition of CeA inputs to vlPAG

From: A feedback neural circuit for calibrating aversive memory strength

Supplementary Figure 3

(a & b) Maximum Z-score averaged population response graphs with Unpredicted (navy), Predicted (blue) and Predicted+Laser (orange) bars for prediction error (PE) coding (a) or non-PE-coding (b) cell populations. For PE coding cells (a) one-way repeated measures ANOVA analysis showed a significant effect of group (F(2,72) = 16.85, p = 0.0001). * denotes significant (p<0.05) differences using Bonferroni post hoc tests. No change was observed in the non-PE-coding (b) cell population (F(2,166) = 1.274, p = 0.282). (c) Perievent time histograms (50 ms bins) showing Z-score averaged responses for all LA non-PE-coding cells ‘Unpredicted’ (left panel), ‘Predicted’ (middle panel) and ‘Predicted+laser’ shock periods are shown in gray area (1 sec). (d) Frequency histogram showing number of total cells (y-axis) and baseline firing rates in 1 Hz bins. Blue bar heights show total cell counts and orange bar heights show total PE-coding cells in specific firing rate time bins. Based on firing rate based electrophysiological criteria established in previous work1,2 we found that PE coding occurs in both pyramidal (≤ 1Hz) and fast spiking interneurons (≥ 7Hz) replicating prior results (main ref. 25). (e) Z-score averaged perievent time histogram (bin=50 ms) for all LA neurons recorded (n=180) triggered by laser onset (which occurs 400 ms prior to CS onset in experiments shown in Fig. 3) for ‘Unpredicted’, ‘Predicted’ and ‘Predicted+Laser’ trials. Note, laser was on only in the ‘Predicted+Laser’ trials. No significant changes were detectable at the population level (a one-way repeated measures ANOVA, F(2,166) =1.968, p = 0.1429).

1. Likhtik, E., Pelletier, J.G., Popescu, A.T. & Pare, D. Identification of basolateral amygdala projection cells and interneurons using extracellular recordings. J Neurophysiol 96, 3257-65 (2006).

2. Wolff, S.B. et al. Amygdala interneuron subtypes control fear learning through disinhibition. Nature 509, 453-8 (2014).

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