Supplementary Figure 3: Impact of SOM neuron suppression on cortical dynamics.

a) Example image of a V1 brain section from a SOM-Cre;Rosa-LSL-tdtomato mouse injected with a Cre-dependent AAV virus driving eNpHR3.0-YFP. Scale bar is 130μm. b) Scatter plots of gamma power in control conditions (black) and during optogenetic suppression of SOM cells. From left to right: relative gamma power (n = 14 mice, p < 0.001), peak/trough power (n = 13 mice, p = 0.03), absolute power when the illumination light turned on after the visual stimulus (n = 14 mice, p < 0.001), absolute power when the light turned on before the visual stimulus (n = 7 mice, p = 0.02), and absolute power in the high gamma band ~60Hz (n = 11 mice, p = 0.08). All tests: Wilcoxon signed rank test. c) Example PSTH from a putative SOM neuron expressing eNpHR3.0 in the absence (black) and presence (red) of light. d) Population average change of the power spectrum in SOM-Cre mice during optogenetic suppression. Upper and lower edge of filled area denote mean ± standard error (n = 14 mice). e) Scatter plot of the peak frequency of the visually-driven gamma rhythm and the peak frequency of the change in gamma power during SOM neuron optogenetic suppression (r = 0.78, p < 0.001, n = 14 mice). Data points have been jittered with Gaussian noise for display purposes only to avoid overlap. f) Average pairwise phase consistency spectrum for FS units in SOM-Cre mice in the absence (black) and presence (red) of light, n = 31 cells, thickness of line denotes mean ± standard error.