Figure 7
From: Deficiency of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 causes deterioration of cognitive function
Mechanisms of improved cognitive function by Ang-(1–7) and telmisartan in ACE2-deficient mice. (a) Cerebral blood flow was measured with a laser speckle blood flow imager as described in Materials and methods. Representative images of each group are shown in the upper panels, and quantitative analysis is shown in the lower panel. The value in each mouse was determined as the average of 10 image pixels. Data are expressed as mean±s.e.m. (n=6–9 for each group). *P<0.05 versus vehicle group. (b) Superoxide anion was detected using dihydroethidium as described in Materials and methods. Representative photos are shown in the upper panel, and the lower panel shows quantitative analysis. The value in each mouse was determined from the average of eight areas of the hippocampus. Data are expressed as mean±s.e.m. (n=4–6 for each group). *P<0.05 versus vehicle group. (c and d) NADPH oxidase gp91phox p22phox, p40phox, p47phox, and P67phox subunit mRNAs were measured using RT-PCR as described in Materials and methods. Data are expressed as mean±s.e.m. (n=7 for each group). *P<0.05 versus vehicle group. (e) BDNF mRNA was measured using real-time RT-PCR as described in Materials and methods. Data are expressed as mean±s.e.m. (n=7–10 for each group). *P<0.05 versus vehicle group. ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.
