Figure 3

Variability in the experimental parameter space with learning. Experimental conditions chosen by ARES in Task 3, before convergence (a, b), and in Task 10, after convergence (c, d), are compared over four experimental parameters (temperature, water concentration, and H₂ and C₂H₄ partial pressures). Red dots represent successful, on-target experiments. (a, b) Before convergence ARES sampled a wide range of growth conditions, and only 8% of experiments were on-target. (c, d) After convergence ARES sampled a narrow range of growth conditions, with 68% on-target experiments, demonstrating its ability to autonomously optimise multiple experimental parameters.