Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study populations

From: Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV, V) from 2007–2012

 

No COPD (n=13,212)

GOLD stage I, II COPD (n=2,355)

GOLD stage III, IV COPD (n=151)

P value

Post hoc

Age (years)

54.9±10.3

64.8±9.9

66.0±8.6

<0.001

a,b

Sex (Male %)

5,003 (37.9)

1,710 (72.6)

111 (73.5)

<0.001

a,b

GOLD stage

   

<0.001

 

1

 

1,079 (45.8)

   

2

 

1,277 (54.2)

   

3

  

136 (90.1)

  

4

  

15 (9.9)

  

FEV1

2.78±0.64

2.27±0.61

1.16±0.29

<0.001

a,b,c

FEV1 %

96.6±10.4

78.9±13.6

41.0±6.8

<0.001

a,b,c

Smoking status

    

a,b

 Never

8,439 (63.8)

716 (30.4)

40 (26.5)

<0.001

 

 Ex-former

1,344 (10.2)

480 (20.4)

24 (15.9)

  

 Current

3,433 (26.0)

1,160 (49.3)

87 (57.6)

  

Alcohol drinking

6,595 (50.0)

1,278 (54.3)

73 (48.2)

0.001

a

Regular exercise

6,786 (51.5)

1,265 (53.9)

84 (56)

0.057

 

Marital status

    

a

 Married

10,936 (83.3)

1,915 (81.6)

127 (84.1)

0.01

 

 Single

192 (1.5)

20 (0.9)

2 (1.3)

  

 Divorced/separated/widowed

2,011 (15.2)

413 (17.6)

22 (14.6)

  

Job

8,340 (63.2)

1,313 (55.9)

64 (42.7)

<0.001

a,b,c

 Family income

   

<0.001

a,b,c

Low

2,668 (20.2)

873 (37.1)

75 (49.7)

  

Moderate-low

2,463 (18.6)

606 (25.7)

44 (29.1)

  

Moderate-high

3,288 (24.9)

463 (19.7)

17 (11.3)

  

High

3,905 (29.5)

414 (17.6)

15 (9.9)

  

 Education

   

<0.001

a,b,c

⩽Elementary

4,196 (31.8)

1,113 (47.2)

96 (63.6)

  

Middle school

2,054 (15.5)

402 (17.1)

27 (17.9)

  

High school

4,185 (31.7)

545 (23.1)

16 (10.6)

  

⩾College

2,781 (21.0)

296 (12.6)

12 (7.9)

  

Depression

2,110 (15.9)

285 (12.1)

25 (16.5)

<0.001

a,c

Major cancer

305 (2.3)

77 (3.3)

3 (2.0)

0.02

a

DM

1,198 (9.1)

346 (14.7)

19 (12.6)

<0.001

a

Hypertension

3,434 (26.0)

876 (37.2)

63 (41.7)

<0.001

a,b

Arthritis

3,005 (22.7)

540 (22.9)

30 (19.9)

0.685

 
  1. Values are presented as number (%) or mean (s.d.). Clinical characteristics were compared using analysis of variance for continuous variables and the χ2 test for categorical variables.
  2. a, no COPD versus GOLD stage I, II COPD; b, no COPD versus GOLD stage III, IV COPD; c, GOLD stage I, II COPD versus GOLD stage III, IV COPD. Major cancer: stomach, liver, lung, cervix, breast and colon cancers.
  3. Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease.
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