Table 1 Memory Retrieval Under Spironolactone and Placebo

From: Blocking Mineralocorticoid Receptors Impairs, Blocking Glucocorticoid Receptors Enhances Memory Retrieval in Humans

 

Placebo

Spironolactone

   
 

Mean

SEM

Mean

SEM

t

p

d

Learning session

 Emotional content word of texts

41.72

2.65

42.09

2.12

0.15

0.88

0.04

 Neutral content word of texts

20.28

2.26

25.09

2.58

2.03

0.061

0.50

Retrieval session

 Emotional content word of texts

38.37

2.14

32.53

3.17

1.83

0.087

0.54

 Neutral content word of texts

16.63

1.85

20.09

2.24

1.97

0.067

0.42

Difference score between retrieval and learning session

 Emotional content word of texts

−3.34

1.58

−9.56

1.48

2.55

0.022

1.02

 Neutral content word of texts

−3.65

0.74

−5.00

1.08

1.09

0.29

0.36

Learning session

 Emotional pictures

23.78

1.61

24.69

1.15

0.88

0.39

0.16

 Neutral pictures

14.67

1.10

13.19

0.83

1.30

0.21

0.38

Details of emotional pictures

44.31

3.20

44.19

2.66

0.04

0.97

0.01

Details of neutral pictures

25.69

3.39

23.78

1.99

0.52

0.61

0.17

Retrieval session

 Emotional pictures

19.75

1.55

16.78

1.01

2.17

0.047

0.57

 Neutral pictures

10.56

1.20

8.56

0.75

1.54

0.14

0.50

 Details of emotional pictures

32.88

2.69

25.78

1.75

2.52

0.024

0.78

 Details of neutral pictures

15.22

1.68

12.57

1.19

1.49

0.15

0.46

Difference score between retrieval and learning session

 Emotional pictures

−4.03

0.72

−7.91

0.64

3.33

0.005

1.42

 Neutral pictures

−4.09

0.76

−4.63

0.50

0.66

0.52

0.21

 Details of emotional pictures

−11.43

1.70

−18.41

1.79

2.73

0.016

1.00

 Details of neutral pictures

−10.47

2.11

−11.22

1.54

0.30

0.77

0.10

  1. t=t value; p=p value; d=effect size (Cohen’s d). The medication was only administered at the retrieval session. Retrieval at the learning session served to determine individual baseline levels of memory performance.
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