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Immunotherapy

Alphavirus vector induces immune response in advanced cancers

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology volume 7, page 612 (2010)Cite this article

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Anticancer vaccines have shown promise in treating cancers, especially those based on viral vectors; however, a limitation of viral vector-based vaccines is the induction of neutralizing antibodies that recognize viral surface proteins, which prevents repeated administration of these vaccines. Furthermore, studies have shown that the levels of TREG cells, which can impair effective immune responses, are increased in cancer patients and associated with a poor survival.

First, Morse's team developed a VRP vaccine that expressed carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), which is highly expressed in various solid tumor malignancies, and conducted preclinical studies in mice to assess immunogenicity of the vaccine. They showed an improved immune response with the vaccine in these murine models. They then went on to perform a phase I study of the vaccine, in patients with advanced cancer, and assessed immune responses against CEA by ELISA and ELISPOT. Overall, the immunizations were well tolerated.

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER

  1. Morse, M. A. et al. An alphavirus vector overcomes the presence of neutralizing antibodies and elevated numbers of Tregs to induce immune responses in humans with advanced cancer. J. Clin. Invest. 120, 3234–3241 (2010)

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  1. Lisa Hutchinson
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Hutchinson, L. Alphavirus vector induces immune response in advanced cancers. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 7, 612 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrclinonc.2010.162

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