Abstract
Submillisecond burst phase signals measured in kinetic protein folding experiments have been widely interpreted in terms of the fast formation of productive folding intermediates. Experimental comparisons with non-folding polypeptide chains show that, for ribonuclease A and cytochrome c , these signals in fact reflect a shift from one biased ensemble of the unfolded state to another as a function of change in denaturant concentration.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$259.00 per year
only $21.58 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on SpringerLink
- Instant access to the full article PDF.
USD 39.95
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout



Similar content being viewed by others
References
Roder, H. & Colon, W. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 7, 15–28 (1997).
Sosnick, T.R., Mayne, L. & Englander, S.W. Proteins: 24, 413– 426 (1996).
Sosnick, T.R., Shtilerman, M.D., Mayne, L. & Englander, S.W. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 8545– 8550 (1997).
Chan, C.K. et al.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 1779– 1784 (1997).
Houry, W.A. & Scheraga, H.A. Biochemistry 35, 11734–11746 (1996).
Harrington, W.F. & Schellman, J.A. C. R. Trav. Lab Carlsberg Ser. Chim. 30, 21 ( 1956).
Bai, Y., Milne, J.S., Mayne, L. & Englander, S.W. Proteins 17, 75–86 (1993).
Privalov, P.L. et al. J. Mol. Biol. 205, 737– 750 (1989).
Dill, K.A. & Shortle, D. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 60, 795–825 (1991).
Krimm, S. & Tiffany, M.L. Israel J. Chem. 12 , 189–200 (1974).
Nozaki, Y. & Tanford, C. J. Biol. Chem. 245, 1648–1652 (1970).
Houry, W.A., Rothwarf, D.M. & Scheraga, H.A. Biochemistry 35, 10125– 10133 (1996).
Houry, W.A., Rothwarf, D.M. & Scheraga, H.A. Biochemistry 33, 2516– 2530 (1994).
Sauder, J. M. & Roder, H. Folding & Design 3 , 293–301 (1998).
Shastry, M.C.R. & Roder, H. Nature Struct. Biol. 5, 385–392 ( 1998).
Jennings, P.A. & Wright, P.E. Science 262, 892–896 (1993).
Raschke, T.M. & Marqusee, S. Nature Struct. Biol. 4, 298–304 (1997).
Gladwin, S.T. & Evans, P.A. Folding & Design 1, 407–417 (1996).
Khorasanizadeh, S., Peters, I.D. & Roder, H. Nature Struct. Biol. 3, 193– 205 (1996).
Hosszu, L.L. et al. Nature Struct. Biol. 4, 801– 804 (1997).
Parker, M.J., Dempsey, C.E., Lorch, M. & Clarke, A.R. Biochemistry 36, 13396–13405 ( 1997).
Thompson, P.A., Eaton, W.A. & Hofrichter, J. Biochemistry 36, 9200– 9210 (1997).
Munoz, V., Thompson, P.A., Hofrichter, J. & Eaton, W.A. Nature 390, 196–199 ( 1997).
Burton, R.E., Huang, G.S., Dougherty, M.A., Fullbright, P.W. & Oas, T.G. J. Mol. Biol. 263, 311–322 (1996).
Abkevich, V.I., Gutin, A.M. & Shakhnovich, E.I. Biochemistry 33, 10026– 10036 (1994).
Sosnick, T.R., Mayne, L., Hiller, R. & Englander, S.W. Nature Struct. Biol. 1, 149–156 ( 1994).
Rothwarf, D.M. & Scheraga, H.A. Biochemistry 32, 2671–2679 ( 1993).
Johnson, W.C. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biophys. Chem. 17, 145– 166 (1988).
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by NIH research grants to S.W.E. and T.R.S.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qi, P., Sosnick, T. & Englander, S. The burst phase in ribonuclease A folding and solvent dependence of the unfolded state . Nat Struct Mol Biol 5, 882–884 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1038/2321
Received:
Accepted:
Issue date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/2321
This article is cited by
-
Burst Phase Analysis of the Aggregation Prone α-synuclein Amyloid Protein
Journal of Fluorescence (2024)
-
Protein-Glass Surface Interactions and Ion Desalting in Electrospray Ionization with Submicron Emitters
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry (2018)
-
Refolding of ribonuclease A monitored by real-time photo-CIDNP NMR spectroscopy
Journal of Biomolecular NMR (2009)
-
Speeding along the protein folding highway, are we reading the signs correctly?
Nature Structural Biology (1998)


