Supplementary Figure 4: Background-corrected echo decay and distance distribution of ten pairs of DEER measurements in PCPG and DOTAP liposomes.

(a) The dipolar evolution in PCPG (grey circle) and DOTAP (blue circle) were analyzed by Tikhonov regularization. The fit and the resulting distance distribution are shown in red (PCPG) and black (DOTAP) lines. The distances are consistent with geometric patterns indicated by crystal structure. Predominant single main peak (above the grey region) is clearly resolved for all 10 pairs of distances in two liposomes ((b) PCPG and (c) DOTAP) among the range of 22 to 38 Å, which lay in the most sensitive region of the pulsed EPR method. All 10 distances measured with 118/121 (left, solid line) are larger than the corresponding distances with 121/125 (left, dash line), which are consistent with 118/121 are further than 121/125 to all reference points (d). The same consistency was also observed for 40/44 > 39/43 ((d), top) and 72/75 > 74/77 ((d), bottom) in all measured distances ((b) and (c)).