Supplementary Figure 3: Binding assays of EF-G and its mutants.

(a) Binding of EF-G or its mutants to vacant ribosomes was analyzed by sucrose cushion ultracentrifugation and SDS-PAGE. Bands corresponding to EF-G and the ribosomal protein S1 are indicated by the arrows. Pre: reaction mix before sucrose cushion. Su/Pe: Supernatant/Pellet after sucrose cushion. (b) The quantification of chemical probing results. TO I is shown as an example (red rectangle). Error bars, s.e.m. (n = 3 technical replicates). **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 by two-tailed Student's t test.