Table 2 Adjusted odds ratios^a, for child overweight and obesity^b and obesity by adult weight status and household structure in households with children using IOTF cutoff points, KNHANES, 2007–2010

Effect		By IOTF
		Overweight and obesity		Obesity
		Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI	Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI
Household structure	Adult weight status
Living with both parents	Neither parent overweight and obese	Reference		Reference
	Only mother overweight and obese	1.6 ^c	1.22–2.12	1.8	1.12–2.84
	Only father overweight and obese	1.7	1.37–1.99	1.7	1.17–2.48
	Both parents overweight and obese	3.5	2.71–4.65	5.0	3.29–7.54
Living with only mother	Mother normal weight	Reference		Reference
	Mother overweight and obese	2.2	1.22–3.82	3.7	1.37–10.21
Living with only father	Father normal weight	Reference		Reference
	Father overweight and obese	2.2	0.73–6.45	3.5	0.63–19.57
Living with only grandparent	Grandparent normal weight	Reference		Reference
	Grandparent overweight and obese	2.1	1.06–4.05	1.2	0.40–3.42
Sociodemographic factors
Sex	Female	Reference		Reference
	Male	1.8	1.52–2.09	2.1	1.54–2.97
Age (years)	2–6	Reference		Reference
	7–12	2.3	1.87–2.80	1.6	1.11–2.20
	13–18	1.4	1.10–1.72	0.7	0.46–0.99
Income^d	High (⩾250%)	Reference		Reference
	Middle (120–250%)	1.0	0.80–1.16	0.9	0.70–1.27
	Low (<120%)	1.2	0.90–1.54	1.4	0.93–2.13
Region^e	Rural	Reference		Reference
	Small city	1.0	0.80–1.30	0.8	0.58–1.16
	Large city	1.2	0.98–1.59	0.8	0.52–1.12
Education	<High school diploma	Reference		Reference
	⩾High school diploma	1.0	0.66–1.42	1.5	0.84–2.56
Household size		1.0	0.95–1.12	1.0	0.85–1.17

^aAbbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IOTF, International Obesity Taskforce; MCL, minimum cost of living; KNHANES, Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Adjusted for child’s gender, age, region of residence (large city, small city, rural), highest education of adult in household (⩾12 years vs <12 years) and household income (⩾250% minimum cost of living, 120–250% minimum cost of living, <120% minimum cost of living).
^bDefined as overweight or obesity, BMI ⩾25 kg m⁻² using IOTF cutoff points.
^cValues in bold indicate statistical significance, P<0.05, based on the 95% CI.
Calculated values based on MCL of each year. A family is considered poor if its income falls below MCL determined by government as poverty guideline.
Large city: cities with population size bigger than a million; small city: cities with population size 50 000 to a million; rural: villages and towns with population size smaller than 50 000.

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