Table 2 Summary of exercise RCTs evaluating MetS in prostate cancer patients on ADT
Study | Year | Sample | Age (years) (mean±s.d.) | Treatment | Study duration | Exercise intervention | Frequency (days per week) | Key MetS findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bourke et al.66 | 2014 | Exe (n=50) Con (n=50) | Exe (71.0±6.0) Con (71.0±8.0) | ADT ⩾6 months and expected to receive ADT for study duration | 12 weeks | Small-group supervision of PRT and PAT including lifestyle advice seminars PRT: 2–4 sets of exercises at 8-12 reps starting at 60% RM PAT: 30 min at 55–75% HRmax and RPE 11–13 | 3 | Exe vs control BP ↔ |
Bourke et al.65 | 2011 | Exe (n=25) Con (n=25) | Exe (71.3±6.4) Con (72.2±7.7) | ADT ⩾6 months | 12 weeks | Home-based and group supervision of RT and AT including dietary advice seminars RT: 2–4 sets of exercises incorporating large muscle groups at light-to-moderate intensity AT: 30 min at 55–85% HRmax and RPE 11–15 | Up to 5 encouraged | Exe vs control BP, waist to hip ↔ |
Cormie et al.67 | 2015 | Exe (n=32) Con (n=31) | Exe (69.6±6.5) Con (67.1±7.5) | No prior ADT and expected to receive ADT for 3 months | 12 weeks | Small-group supervision of PRT and PAT PRT: 1–4 sets of 8 exercises at 6–12 RM incorporating major muscle groups PAT: 20–30 min at 70–85% HRmax | 2 | Exe vs control BP, glucose, HDL, TG ↔ Pre-to-post Exe HDL ↑ BP, glucose, TG ↔ |
Culos-Reed et al.68 | 2010 | Exe (n=53) Con (n=47) | Exe (67.2±8.8) Con (68.0±8.4) | Expected to receive ADT for at least 6 months | 16 weeks | Home-based and weekly group sessions consisting of walking, stretching and Theraband exercises at a moderate intensity | 3–5 encouraged | Exe vs control BP ↔ WC ↓ Pre-to-post Exe BP ↓ WC ↔ |
Galvao et al.69 | 2010 | Exe (n=29) Con (n=28) | Exe (69.5±7.3) Con (70.1±7.3) | ADT ≥ 2 months and expected to receive ADT for 6 months | 12 weeks | Supervised PRT and PAT PRT: 2–4 sets of 8 exercises incorporating major muscle groups at 12–6 RM PAT: 15–20 min at 65–80% HRmax and RPE 11–13 | 2 | Exe vs control Glucose, HDL, TG ↔ |
Hvid et al.70 | 2011 | Exe (ADT; n=9) Con (healthy; n=10) | Exe (67.8±6.4) Con (68.5±3.5) | ADT ⩾3 months | 12 weeks | Supervised HIT: 35 min interval training 65–100% VO2max | 3 | Exe vs control HDL, glucose, TG ↔ Pre-to-post Exe HDL ↑ Glucose↓ TG ↔ |
Segal et al.72 | 2003 | Exe (n=82) Con (n=73) | Exe (68.2±7.9) Con (67.7±7.5) | ADT for study duration | 12 weeks | Supervised PRT PRT: 2 sets of 9 exercises incorporating major muscle groups starting at 60–70% RM. | 3 | Exe vs control WC ↔ |
Santa Mina et al.71 | 2013 | AT (n=13) RT (n=13) | AT (70.6±8.1) RT (73.6±8.8) | ADT for study duration | 6 months | Home-based RT or AT RT: 10 exercises incorporating major muscle groups AT: 60 min at 60–80% HRmax | Up to 5 encouraged | AT vs RT WC ↔ |
