Abstract
Anatomical closure of the ductus arteriosus requires normally quiescent luminal endothelial cells and medial smooth muscle cells to migrate into the subendothelial space forming intimal mounds that eventually coalesce and occlude the vessel's lumen. The migration of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells requires the presence of integrin receptors that interact with the surrounding matrix. We used immunohistochemical staining to examine the repertoires of integrins expressed by endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells during postnatal closure of the ductus arteriosus in full-term and preterm rhesus monkeys. In the fetal ductus, luminal endothelial cells have a limited repertoire of integrins. During postnatal ductus closure, luminal endothelial cells, of both term and preterm monkeys, change their phenotype and express the full repertoire of integrins found on growing capillary endothelial cells (α1β1,α2β1, α3β1,α6β1, αvβ1,α6β4, and αvβ5). Similarly, during ductus closure, smooth muscle cells of both term and preterm monkeys expand their integrin repertoire to include the α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins; these two integrins have been shown to be essential for smooth muscle cell migration in vitro. These changes in integrin profile occur at the same time the endothelial and smooth muscle cells invade their neighboring compartments. In contrast, preterm monkeys with a persistently patent ductus lumen fail to develop these changes in integrin expression and fail to develop neointimal mounds. No evidence of intimal thickening occurs in the absence of changes in integrin expression. Therefore, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells change phenotypes to produce the intimal thickening required for ductus closure.
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Abbreviations
- EC:
-
endothelial cell(s)
- SMC:
-
smooth muscle cell(s)
- Fio2:
-
fractional concentration of inspired oxygen
- PECAM:
-
platelet EC adhesion molecule
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Paul Sagan for his expert editorial assistance, and Dr. T. Allen Merritt for assisting us in obtaining monkey tissue.
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Supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service, National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute Grants HL46691, HL56061, and HD24959, a grant from the W. H. Tooley Memorial Fund, and a gift from the Perinatal Associates Research Foundation.
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Clyman, R., Goetzman, B., Chen, Y. et al. Changes in Endothelial Cell and Smooth Muscle Cell Integrin Expression during Closure of the Ductus Arteriosus: An Immunohistochemical Comparison of the Fetal, Preterm Newborn, and Full-Term Newborn Rhesus Monkey Ductus. Pediatr Res 40, 198–208 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199608000-00004
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199608000-00004
