The Outcome of Very Low Birth Weight Neonates ≤1500 g with Severe Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Treated with Inhaled Nitric Oxide (INO): Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Early Childhood 1222

While INO has been shown to improve oxygenation in critically ill term and premature infants with severe hypoxemia, the neurodevelopmental outcome of those premature infants treated with INO remains unknown.

We report the prospective neurodevelopmental assessment in early childhood of a group of 24 extremely ill prematures ≤1500 g with oxygenation indices(OI) of 39 (± 19 SD) treated with INO at 20 ppm as a rescue therapy. Despite a significant improvement in oxygenation within 1 hour after initiating INO, mortality was high at 58%. Thirteen neonates died during hospitalization and one infant died at 5.5 months of adjusted age after discharge from the hospital.

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