Abstract
Perinatal transmission of HIV accounts for almost all new HIV infections in children. There is an increased risk of perinatal transmission of HIV with maternal illicit substance abuse. Little is known about neonatal immune system alteration and subsequent susceptibility to HIV infection after morphine exposure. We investigated the effects of morphine on HIV infection of neonatal monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). Morphine significantly enhanced HIV infection of neonatal MDM. Morphine-induced HIV replication in neonatal MDM was completely suppressed by naltrexone, the opioid receptor antagonist. Morphine significantly up-regulated CCR5 receptor expression and inhibited the endogenous production of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β in neonatal MDM. Thus, morphine, most likely through alteration of β-chemokines and CCR5 receptor expression, enhances the susceptibility of neonatal MDM to HIV infection, and may have a cofactor role in perinatal HIV transmission and infection.
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Abbreviations
- MDM:
-
monocyte-derived macrophages
- MIP:
-
macrophage inflammatory protein
- RANTES:
-
regulated on activation, T cell expressed and secreted
- DMEM:
-
Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
- MLV:
-
murine leukemia virus
- GAPDH:
-
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- RLU:
-
relative light units
- RT:
-
reverse transcription
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Shuang Sun for her technical assistance.
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Supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant DA 12815 (W.Z.H.), W.W. Smith Charitable Fund (W.Z.H.), MH 49981 (S.D.D.), U01 AI 50964 (S.D.D.), and Philadelphia Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Unit (PPACTU) U01 AI 32921 (S.D.D.).
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Li, Y., Merrill, J., Mooney, K. et al. Morphine Enhances HIV Infection of Neonatal Macrophages. Pediatr Res 54, 282–288 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1203/01.PDR.0000074973.83826.4C
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1203/01.PDR.0000074973.83826.4C
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