Abstract
Campylobacterial infections are the most common cause of bacterial enterocolitis in humans. Among children, especially in developing countries, Campylobacter infections can cause severe life-threatening diarrheal disease. Although usually associated with a benign outcome in the developed world, the burden of illness posed by Campylobacter infections is enormous, and serious neurologic sequelae also can occur. For a variety of reasons our understanding of the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of Campylobacter infection has lagged far behind that of other enteric pathogens. However, recent completion of the genome sequence of Campylobacter jejuni promises to open up the Campylobacter research field with the prospect of developing novel therapeutic and preventive strategies.
Similar content being viewed by others
Log in or create a free account to read this content
Gain free access to this article, as well as selected content from this journal and more on nature.com
or
Abbreviations
- GBS:
-
Guillain-Barré syndrome
- CDT:
-
cytolethal distending toxin
References
Skirrow MB 1977 Campylobacter enteritis: a “new” disease. BMJ 2: 9–11
Parkhill J, Wren BW, Mungall K, Ketley JM, Churcher C, Basham D, Chillingworth T, Davies RM, Feltwell T, Holyrod S, Jagels K, Karlyshev AV, Moule S, Pallen MJ, Penn CW, Quail MA, Rajandream MA, Rutherford KM, van Vliet AH, Whitehead S, Barrell BG 2000 The genome sequence of the food-borne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni reveals hypervariable sequences. Nature 403: 665–668
Lawson AJ, On SL, Logan JM, Stanley J 2001 Campylobacter hominis sp. nov., from the human gastrointestinal tract. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51: 651–660
Bourke B, Chan VL, Sherman P 1998 Campylobacter upsaliensis: waiting in the wings. Clin Microbiol Rev 11: 440–449
Goossens H, Giesendorf BA, Vandamme P, Vlaes L, Van den Borre C, Koeken A, Quint WG, Blomme W, Hanicq P, Koster DS 1995 Investigation of an outbreak of Campylobacter upsaliensis in day care centers in Brussels: analysis of relationships among isolates by phenotypic and genotypic typing methods. J Infect Dis 172: 1298–1305
Goossens H, Vlaes L, De Boeck M, Pot B, Kersters K, Levy J, De Mol P, Butzler JP, Vandamme P 1990 Is “Campylobacter upsaliensis” an unrecognised cause of human diarrhoea?. Lancet 335: 584–586
Escherich T 1886 Beitraege zur Kenntniss der Darmbacterien. III. Ueber das Vorkommen von Vibrionen im Darmcanal und den Stuhlgaengen der Saeuglinge. [Articles adding to the knowledge of intestinal bacteria. III. On the existence of vibrios in the intestines and feces of babies]. Muench Med Wochenschr 33: 815–817, 833–835
Kist M 1986 Who discovered Campylobacter jejuni/ coli? A review of hitherto disregarded literature. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg 261: 177–186
McFadyean J, Stockman S 1913 Report of the Departmental Committee appointed by the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries to inquire into Epizootic Abortion. Part III. Abortion in Sheep. HMSO, London
Levy AJ 1947 A gastro-enteritis outbreak probably due to a bovine strain of vibrio. Yale J Biol Med 18: 243–258
Vinzent R, Dumas J, Picard N 1947 Septicemie grave au cours de la grossesse, due a un vibrion. Bull Acad Natl Med 131: 90–92
King EO 1957 Human infection with Vibrio fetus and a closely related vibrio. J Infect Dis 101: 119–128
King EO 1962 The laboratory recognition of Vibrio fetus and closely related vibrio isolated from cases of human vibriosis. Ann NY Acad Sci 98: 700–711
Cooper IA, Slee KJ 1971 Human infection by Vibrio fetus. Med J Aust 1: 1263–1267
Dekeyser P, Gossuin-Detrain M, Butzler JP, Sternon J 1972 Acute enteritis due to related vibrio: first positive stool cultures. J Infect Dis 125: 390–392
Butzler JP, Dekeyser P, Detrain M, Dehaen F 1973 Related vibrio in stools. J Pediatr 82: 493–495
Mead PS, Slutsker L, Dietz V, McCaig LF, Bresee JS, Shapiro C, Griffin PM, Tauxe RV 1999 Food-related illness and death in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis 5: 607–625
Buzby JC, Allos BM, Roberts T 1997 The economic burden of Campylobacter-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Infect Dis 176: S192–S197
Wheeler JG, Sethi D, Cowden JM, Wall PG, Rodrigues LC, Tompkins DS, Hudson MJ, Roderick PJ 1999 Study of infectious intestinal disease in England: rates in the community, presenting to general practice, and reported to national surveillance. BMJ 318: 1046–1050
Kendall EJ, Tanner EI 1982 Campylobacter enteritis in general practice. J Hyg (Lond) 88: 155–163
Tauxe R 1992 Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections in the United States and other industrialized nations. In: Nachamkin I, Blaser MJ, Tompkins L (eds) Campylobacter jejuni: Current Status and Future Trends. American Society for Microbiology, New York, pp 9–19.
Uysal G, Dogru U, Aysev D, Karabiber N 1997 Campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis in Turkish children. Infection 25: 159–162
Lindblom GB, Ahren C, Changalucha J, Gabone R, Kaijser B, Nilsson LA, Sjogren E, Svennerholm AM, Temu M 1995 Campylobacter jejuni/ coli and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC) in faeces from children and adults in Tanzania. Scand J Infect Dis 27: 589–593
Gedlu E, Aseffa A 1996 Campylobacter enteritis among children in north-west Ethiopia: a 1-year prospective study. Ann Trop Paediatr 16: 207–212
Calva JJ, Ruiz-Palacios GM, Lopez-Vidal AB, Ramos A, Bojalil R 1988 Cohort study of intestinal infection with Campylobacter in Mexican children. Lancet 1: 503–506
Taylor DN, Perlman DM, Echeverria PD, Lexomboon U, Blaser MJ 1993 Campylobacter immunity and quantitative excretion rates in Thai children. J Infect Dis 168: 754–758
Taylor DN, Echeverria P, Pitarangsi C, Seriwatana J, Bodhidatta L, Blaser MJ 1988 Influence of strain characteristics and immunity on the epidemiology of Campylobacter infections in Thailand. J Clin Microbiol 26: 863–868
Rao MR, Naficy AB, Savarino SJ, Abu-Elyazeed R, Wierzba TF, Peruski LF, Abdel-Messih I, Frenck R, Clemens JD 2001 Pathogenicity and convalescent excretion of Campylobacter in rural Egyptian children. Am J Epidemiol 154: 166–173
Blaser MJ, Black RE, Duncan DJ, Amer J 1985 Campylobacter jejuni-specific serum antibodies are elevated in healthy Bangladeshi children. J Clin Microbiol 21: 164–167
Taylor DN 1992 Campylobacter infections in developing countries. In: Nachamkin I, Blaser MJ, Tompkins LS, (eds) Campylobacter jejuni: Current Status and Future Trends. American Society for Microbiology, New York, pp 20–30.
Rasrinaul L, Suthienkul O, Echeverria PD, Taylor DN, Seriwatana J, Bangtrakulnonth A, Lexomboon U 1988 Foods as a source of enteropathogens causing childhood diarrhea in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 39: 97–102
Petruccelli BP, Murphy GS, Sanchez JL, Walz S, DeFraites R, Gelnett J, Haberberger RL, Echeverria P, Taylor DN 1992 Treatment of traveler's diarrhea with ciprofloxacin and loperamide. J Infect Dis 165: 557–560
Mattila L, Siitonen A, Kyronseppa H, Simula I, Oksanen P, Stenvik M, Salo P, Peltola H 1992 Seasonal variation in etiology of travelers' diarrhea. J Infect Dis 165: 385–388
Ericsson CD, DuPont HL, Mathewson III 1995 Epidemiologic observations on diarrhea developing in U.S. and Mexican students living in Guadalajara, Mexico. J Travel Med 2: 6–10
Ketley JM 1997 Pathogenesis of enteric infection by Campylobacter. Microbiology 143: 5–21
Newell DG 2001 Animal models of Campylobacter jejuni colonization and disease and the lessons to be learned from similar Helicobacter pylori models. Symp Ser Soc Appl Microbiol 30: 57S–67S
Aydin F, Atabay HI, Akan M 2001 The isolation and characterization of Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni from domestic geese (Anser anser). J Appl Microbiol 90: 637–642
Prescott JF, Bruin-Mosch CW 1981 Carriage of Campylobacter jejuni in healthy and diarrheic animals. Am J Vet Res 42: 164–165
Sacks JJ, Lieb S, Baldy LM, Berta S, Patton CM, White MC, Bigler WJ, Witte JJ 1986 Epidemic campylobacteriosis associated with a community water supply. Am J Public Health 76: 424–428
Taylor DN, McDermott KT, Little JR, Wells JG, Blaser MJ 1983 Campylobacter enteritis from untreated water in the Rocky Mountains. Ann Intern Med 99: 38–40
Jones PH, Willis AT, Robinson DA, Skirrow MB, Josephs DS 1981 Campylobacter enteritis associated with the consumption of free school milk. J Hyg (Lond) 87: 155–162
Blaser MJ, Sazie E, Williams LPJ 1987 The influence of immunity on raw milk-associated Campylobacter infection. JAMA 257: 43–46
Humphrey TJ, Hart RJ 1988 Campylobacter and Salmonella contamination of unpasteurized cows' milk on sale to the public. J Appl Bacteriol 65: 463–467
Waterman SC, Park RW, Bramley AJ 1984 A search for the source of Campylobacter jejuni in milk. J Hyg (Lond) 93: 333–337
Hutchinson DN, Bolton FJ, Hinchliffe PM, Dawkins HC, Horsley SD, Jessop EG, Robertshaw PA, Counter DE 1985 Evidence of udder excretion of Campylobacter jejuni as the cause of milk-borne Campylobacter outbreak. J Hyg (Lond) 94: 205–215
Fahey T, Morgan D, Gunneburg C, Adak GK, Majid F, Kaczmarski E 1995 An outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni enteritis associated with failed milk pasteurisation. J Infect 31: 137–143
Wallace JM 1980 Milk-associated Campylobacter infection. Health Bull (Edinb) 38: 57–61
Simmons NA, Gibbs FJ 1979 Campylobacter spp. in oven-ready poultry. J Infect 1: 159–162
Humphrey T 2001 The spread and persistence of Campylobacter and Salmonella in the domestic kitchen. J Infect 43: 50–53
Kramer JM, Frost JA, Bolton FJ, Wareing DR 2000 Campylobacter contamination of raw meat and poultry at retail sale: identification of multiple types and comparison with isolates from human infection. J Food Prot 63: 1654–1659
Kapperud G, Skjerve E, Bean NH, Ostroff SM, Lassen J 1992 Risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infections: results of a case-control study in southeastern Norway. J Clin Microbiol 30: 3117–3121
Jones DM, Robinson DA 1981 Occupational exposure to Campylobacter jejuni infection [letter]. Lancet 1: 440–441
Wolfs TF, Duim B, Geelen SP, Rigter A, Thomson-Carter F, Fleer A, Wagenaar JA 2001 Neonatal sepsis by Campylobacter jejuni : genetically proven transmission from a household puppy. Clin Infect Dis 32: E97–E99
Adak GK, Cowden JM, Nicholas S, Evans HS 1995 The Public Health Laboratory Service national case-control study of primary indigenous sporadic cases of Campylobacter infection. Epidemiol Infect 115: 15–22
Shen Z, Feng Y, Dewhirst FE, Fox JG 2001 Coinfection of entericHelicobacterspp. and Campylobacter spp. in cats. J Clin Microbiol 39: 2166–2172
Byrne C, Doherty D, Mooney A, Byrne M, Woodward D, Johnson W, Rodgers F, Bourke B 2001 Basis of the superiority of cefoperazone amphotericin teicoplanin for isolating Campylobacter upsaliensisfrom stools. J Clin Microbiol 39: 2713–2716
Baker J, Barton MD, Lanser J 1999 Campylobacter species in cats and dogs in South Australia. Aust Vet J 77: 662–666
Shimizu T, Ezaki Y, Tamura H, Kobayashi H, Shibamoto T, Nakai Y, Nagano T, Niinobu K, Ro G, Risai T 1986 Studies on Campylobacter and Salmonella in feces of pregnant women and newborn infants [Abstract in English]. Nippon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi 38: 493–498
Karmali MA, Norrish B, Lior H, Heyes B, Monteath A, Montgomery H 1984 Campylobacter enterocolitis in a neonatal nursery. J Infect Dis 149: 874–877
Hershkowici S, Barak M, Cohen A, Montag J 1987 An outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni infection in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Hosp Infect 9: 54–59
Morooka T, Takeo H, Yasumoto S, Mimatsu T, Yukitake K, Oda T 1992 Nosocomial meningitis due to Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus in a neonatal intensive care unit. Acta Paediatr Jpn 34: 530–533
Bourke B 2002 Campylobacter infection: small bowel and colon. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 18: 4–9
Wassenaar TM, Blaser MJ 1999 Pathophysiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections of humans. Microb Infect 1: 1023–1033
Woolridge KG, Ketley JM 1997 Campylobacter-host cell interactions. Trends Microbiol 5: 96–102
Kopecko DJ, Hu L, Zaal KJ 2001 Campylobacter jejuni-microtubule-dependent invasion. Trends Microbiol 9: 389–396
Monteville MR, Konkel ME 2002 Fibronectin-facilitated invasion of T84 eukaryotic cells by Campylobacter jejuni occurs preferentially at the basolateral cell surface. Infect Immun 70: 6665–6671
Hu L, Kopecko DJ 1999 Campylobacter jejuni 81–176 associates with microtubules and dynein during invasion of human intestinal cells. Infect Immun 67: 4171–4182
Biswas D, Itoh K, Sasakawa C 2000 Uptake pathways of clinical and healthy animal isolates of Campylobacter jejuni into INT-407 cells. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 29: 203–211
Mooney A, Byrne C, Clyne M, Johnson-Henry K, Sherman P, Bourke B 2003 Invasion of human epithelial cells by Campylobacter upsaliensis. Cell Microbiol 5: 835–847
Pei Z, Blaser MJ 1993 PEB1, the major cell-binding factor of Campylobacter jejuni, is a homolog of the binding component in gram-negative nutrient transport systems. J Biol Chem 268: 18717–18725
Konkel ME, Garvis SG, Tipton SL, Anderson DEJ, Cieplak WJ 1997 Identification and molecular cloning of a gene encoding a fibronectin-binding protein (CadF) from Campylobacter jejuni. Mol Microbiol 24: 953–963
Moser I, Schroeder W, Salnikow J 1997 Campylobacter jejuni major outer membrane protein and a 59-kDa protein are involved in binding to fibronectin and INT 407 cell membranes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 157: 233–238
Fry BN, Feng S, Chen YY, Newell DG, Coloe PJ, Korolik V 2000 The galE gene of Campylobacter jejuni is involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis and virulence. Infect Immun 68: 2594–2601
Jin S, Joe A, Lynett J, Hani EK, Sherman P, Chan VL 2001 JlpA, a novel surface-exposed lipoprotein specific to Campylobacter jejuni, mediates adherence to host epithelial cells. Mol Microbiol 39: 1225–1236
Karlyshev AV, Wren BW 2001 Detection and initial characterization of novel capsular polysaccharide among diverse Campylobacter jejuni strains using alcian blue dye. J Clin Microbiol 39: 279–284
Bacon DJ, Szymanski CM, Burr DH, Silver RP, Alm RA, Guerry P 2001 A phase-variable capsule is involved in virulence of Campylobacter jejuni 81–176. Mol Microbiol 40: 769–777
Karlyshev AV, Linton D, Gregson NA, Lastovica AJ, Wren BW 2000 Genetic and biochemical evidence of a Campylobacter jejuni capsular polysaccharide that accounts for Penner serotype specificity. Mol Microbiol 35: 529–541
Pickett CL 2000 Campylobacter toxins and their role in pathogenesis In: Nachamkin I, Blaser MJ (eds) Campylobacter. ASM Press, Washington, pp 179–190.
Elwell CA, Dreyfus LA 2000 DNase I homologous residues in CdtB are critical for cytolethal distending toxin-mediated cell cycle arrest. Mol Microbiol 37: 952–963
Cortes-Bratti X, Chaves-Olarte E, Lagergard T, Thelestam M 2000 Cellular internalization of cytolethal distending toxin from Haemophilus ducreyi. Infect Immun 68: 6903–6911
Purdy D, Buswell CM, Hodgson AE, McAlpine K, Henderson I, Leach SA 2000 Characterisation of cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) mutants of Campylobacter jejuni. J Med Microbiol 49: 473–479
Hickey TE, McVeigh AL, Scott DA, Michielutti RE, Bixby A, Carroll SA, Bourgeois AL, Guerry P 2000 Campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin mediates release of interleukin-8 from intestinal epithelial cells. Infect Immun 68: 6535–6541
Mooney A, Clyne M, Curran T, Doherty D, Kilmartin B, Bourke B 2001 Campylobacter upsaliensis exerts a cytolethal distending toxin effect on HeLa cells and T lymphocytes. Microbiology 147: 735–743
Lara-Tejero M, Galan JE 2000 A bacterial toxin that controls cell cycle progression as a deoxyribonuclease I-like protein. Science 290: 354–357
Hickey TE, Baqar S, Bourgeois AL, Ewing CP, Guerry P 1999 Campylobacter jejuni-stimulated secretion of interleukin-8 by INT407 cells. Infect Immun 67: 88–93
Lara-Tejero M, Galan JE 2001 CdtA, CdtB, and CdtC form a tripartite complex that is required for cytolethal distending toxin activity. Infect Immun 69: 4358–4365
Konkel ME, Kim BJ, Rivera-Amill V, Garvis SG 1999 Bacterial secreted proteins are required for the internaliztion of Campylobacter jejuni into cultured mammalian cells. Mol Microbiol 32: 691–701
Bacon DJ, Alm RA, Burr DH, Hu L, Kopecko DJ, Ewing CP, Trust TJ, Guerry P 2000 Involvement of a plasmid in virulence of Campylobacter jejuni 81–176. Infect Immun 68: 4384–4390
Bacon DJ, Alm RA, Hu L, Hickey TE, Ewing CP, Batchelor RA, Trust TJ, Guerry P 2002 DNA sequence and mutational analyses of the p Vir plasmid of Campylobacter jejuni 81–176. Infect Immun 70: 6242–6250
Colegio OR, Griffin TJ, Grindley ND, Galan JE 2001 In vitro transposition system for efficient generation of random mutants of Campylobacter jejuni. J Bacteriol 183: 2384–2388
Hendrixson DR, Akerley BJ, DiRita VJ 2001 Transposon mutagenesis of Campylobacter jejuni identifies a bipartite energy taxis system required for motility. Mol Microbiol 40: 214–224
Ruiz-Palacios GM, Calva JJ, Pickering LK 1990 Protection of breast-fed infants againstCampylobacterdiarrhea by antibodies in human milk. J Pediatr 116: 707–713
Karmali MA, Fleming PC 1979 Campylobacterenteritis in children. J Pediatr 94: 527–533
Rodriguez LA, Ruigomez A 1999 Increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome after bacterial gastroenteritis: cohort study. BMJ 318: 565–566
Jimenez SG, Heine RG, Ward PB, Robins-Browne RM 1999 Campylobacter upsaliensisgastroenteritis in childhood. Pediatr Infect Dis J 18: 988–992
Everest PH, Goossens H, Butzler JP, Lloyd D, Knutton S, Ketley JM, Williams PH 1992 Differentiated Caco-2 cells as a model for enteric invasion by Campylobacter jejuni andC. coli. J Med Microbiol 37: 319–325
Black RE, Levine MM, Clements ML, Hughes TP, Blaser MJ 1988 Experimental Campylobacter jejuni infection in humans. J Infect Dis 157: 472–479
Pigrau C, Bartolome R, Almirante B, Planes AM, Gavalda J, Pahissa A 1997 Bacteremia due toCampylobacterspecies: clinical findings and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Clin Infect Dis 25: 1414–1420
Pigrau C, Almirante B, Pahissa A, Bartolome R 1996 Campylobacterspp. bacteremia in AIDS patients [letter]. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 12: 93–95
Slutsker L, Altekruse SF, Swerdlow DL 1998 Foodborne diseases: emerging pathogens and trends. Infect Dis Clin North Am 12: 199–216
Autenrieth IB, Schuster V, Ewald J, Harmsen D, Kreth HW 1996 An unusual case of refractory Campylobacter jejuni infection in a patient with X-linked agammaglobulinemia: successful combined therapy with maternal plasma and ciprofloxacin. Clin Infect Dis 23: 526–531
Sorvillo FJ, Lieb LE, Waterman SH 1991 Incidence of campylobacteriosis among patients with AIDS in Los Angeles County. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 4: 598–602
Snijders F, Kuijper EJ, de Wever B, van der Hoek L, Danner SA, Dankert J 1997 Prevalence ofCampylobacter-associated diarrhea among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis 24: 1107–1113
Simor AE, Ferro S 1990 Campylobacter jejuni infection occurring during pregnancy. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 9: 142–144
Simor AE, Karmali MA, Jadavji T, Roscoe M 1986 Abortion and perinatal sepsis associated withCampylobacterinfection. Rev Infect Dis 8: 397–402
Leung FY, Littlejohn GO, Bombardier C 1980 Reiter's syndrome after Campylobacter jejuni enteritis. Arthritis Rheum 23: 948–950
Nachamkin I, Allos BM, Ho T 1998 Campylobacter species and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Clin Microbiol Rev 11: 555–567
Jacobs BC, Rothbarth PH, van der Meche FG, Herbrink P, Schmitz PI, de Klerk MA, van Doorn PA 1998 The spectrum of antecedent infections in Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case-control study. Neurology 51: 1110–1115
Mishu B, Ilyas AA, Koski CL, Vriesendorp F, Cook SD, Mithen FA, Blaser MJ 1993 Serologic evidence of previous Campylobacter jejuni infection in patients with the Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann Intern Med 118: 947–953
Rees JH, Soudain SE, Gregson NA, Hughes RA 1995 Campylobacter jejuni infection and Guillain-Barré syndrome. N Engl J Med 333: 1374–1379
McKhann GM, Cornblath DR, Griffin JW, Ho TW, Li CY, Jiang Z, Wu HS, Zhaori G, Liu Y, Jou LP 1993 Acute motor axonal neuropathy: a frequent cause of acute flaccid paralysis in China. Ann Neurol 33: 333–342
Ho TW, Mishu B, Li CY, Gao CY, Cornblath DR, Griffin JW, Asbury AK, Blaser MJ, McKhann GM 1995 Guillain-Barré syndrome in northern China: relationship to Campylobacter jejuni infection and anti-glycolipid antibodies. Brain 118: 597–605
Hadden RD, Gregson NA 2001 Guillain-Barré syndrome and Campylobacter jejuni infection. J Appl Microbiol 90: 145S–154S
Kuroki S, Saida T, Nukina M, Haruta T, Yoshioka M, Kobayashi Y, Nakanishi H 1993 Campylobacter jejuni strains from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome belong mostly to Penner serogroup 19 and contain beta-N-acetylglucosamine residues. Ann Neurol 33: 243–247
Yuki N, Takahashi M, Tagawa Y, Kashiwase K, Tadokoro K, Saito K 1997 Association of Campylobacter jejuni serotype with antiganglioside antibody in Guillain-Barré syndrome and Fisher's syndrome. Ann Neurol 42: 28–33
Saida T, Kuroki S, Hao Q, Nishimura M, Nukina M, Obayashi H 1997 Campylobacter jejuni isolates from Japanese patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Infect Dis 176( suppl 2): S129–S134
Lastovica AJ, Goddard EA, Argent AC 1997 Guillain-Barré syndrome in South Africa associated with Campylobacter jejuni O:41 strains. J Infect Dis 176( suppl 2): S139–S143
Goddard EA, Lastovica AJ, Argent AC 1997 Campylobacter0:41 isolation in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Arch Dis Child 76: 526–528
Neisser A, Bernheimer H, Berger T, Moran AP, Schwerer B 1997 Serum antibodies against gangliosides and Campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharides in Miller Fisher syndrome. Infect Immun 65: 4038–4042
Blaser MJ 1997 Epidemiologic and clinical features of Campylobacter jejuni infections. J Infect Dis 176( suppl 2): S103–S105
Engberg J, Aarestrup FM, Taylor DE, Gerner-Smidt P, Nachamkin I 2001 Quinolone and macrolide resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli: resistance mechanisms and trends in human isolates. Emerg Infect Dis 7: 24–34
Endtz HP, Ruijs GJ, van Klingeren B, Jansen WH, van der Reyden T, Mouton RP 1991 Quinolone resistance in Campylobacter isolated from man and poultry following the introduction of fluoroquinolones in veterinary medicine. J Antimicrob Chemother 27: 199–208
Smith KE, Besser JM, Hedberg CW, Leano FT, Bender JB, Wicklund JH, Johnson BP, Moore KA, Osterholm MT 1999 Quinolone-resistant Campylobacter jejuni infections in Minnesota, 1992–1998. N Engl J Med 340: 1525–1532
Nachamkin I, Ung H, Li M 2002 Increasing fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter jejuni, Pennyslvania USA, 1982–2001. Emerg Infect Dis 8: 1501–1503
Talsma E, Goettsch WG, Nieste HL, Schrijnemakers PM, Sprenger MJ 1999 Resistance inCampylobacterspecies: increased resistance to fluoroquinolones and seasonal variation. Clin Infect Dis 29: 845–848
Lucey B, Feurer C, Greer P, Moloney P, Cryan B, Fanning S 2000 Antimicrobial resistance profiling and DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) of thermophilicCampylobacterspp. in human, poultry and porcine samples from the Cork region of Ireland. J Appl Microbiol 89: 727–734
Sanders JW, Isenbarger DW, Walz SE, Pang LW, Scott DA, Tamminga C, Oyofo BA, Hewitson WC, Sanchez JL, Pitarangsi C, Echeverria P, Tribble DR 2002 An observational clinic-based study of diarrheal illness in deployed United States military personnel in Thailand: presentation and outcome of Campylobacter infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67: 533–538
French Cooperative Group on Plasma Exchange in Guillain-Barré syndrome 1987 Efficiency of plasma exchange in Guillain-Barré syndrome: role of replacement fluids. Ann Neurol 22: 753–761
Plasma Exchange/Sandoglobulin Guillain-Barré Syndrome Trial Group 1997 Randomised trial of plasma exchange, intravenous immunoglobulin, and combined treatments in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Lancet 349: 225–230
Asbury AK 2000 New concepts of Guillain-Barré syndrome. J Child Neurol 15: 183–191
Pattison M 2001 Practical intervention strategies for Campylobacter. J Appl Microbiol 90( suppl): 121S–125S
Dawkins HC, Bolton FJ, Hutchinson DN 1984 A study of the spread of Campylobacter jejuni in four large kitchens. J Hyg (Lond) 92: 357–364
Cogan TA, Bloomfield SF, Humphrey TJ 1999 The effectiveness of hygiene procedures for prevention of cross-contamination from chicken carcases in the domestic kitchen. Lett Appl Microbiol 29: 354–358
Scott DA 1997 Vaccines against Campylobacter jejuni. J Infect Dis 176( suppl 2): S183–S188
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Crushell, E., Harty, S., Sharif, F. et al. Enteric Campylobacter: Purging Its Secrets?. Pediatr Res 55, 3–12 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1203/01.PDR.0000099794.06260.71
Received:
Accepted:
Issue date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1203/01.PDR.0000099794.06260.71
This article is cited by
-
Identification of pathogenic genes in Campylobacter jejuni isolated from broiler carcasses and broiler slaughterhouses
Scientific Reports (2021)
-
Virulence of a T6SS Campylobacter jejuni chicken isolate from North Romania
BMC Research Notes (2019)
-
Virulence characteristics of hcp + Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from retail chicken
Gut Pathogens (2015)
-
Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni in chicken produced by major poultry companies in Saudi Arabia
International Journal of Food Contamination (2014)
-
The impact of serine protease HtrA in apoptosis, intestinal immune responses and extra-intestinal histopathology during Campylobacter jejuni infection of infant mice
Gut Pathogens (2014)