186 Challenges in Child Sexual Abuse Hungary

Abstract

Objective: Between 1986 and 2005, 266 girls under the age of 18 had been exposed to sexual abuse. We summarize the characteristics of child sexual abuse cases and explore common features.

Methods: We prospectively collected data according to characteristics of all cases. Legal procedures were also evaluated. We describe the medical and legal approaches to handling child neglect.

Results: Seventy-eight percent of the victims were students, and 45% of them were between 11 and 14 years of age. Perpetrator was familiar to the victim in 67% of the cases, and a stranger in 33%. Seventy-five (28%) perpetrators were members of the victims' families. In 14% of cases, the perpetrator was the victim's father and in 9%, her stepfather. The abuse had occurred on multiple occasions in 29%. The occurrence rate of assault was highest in the summer season (54%). Vaginal penetration was the type of abuse in 63%, and sexual perversion in 37%. Eighty-five victims were physically injured, and in 40 cases the presence of sperm was confirmed. Two pregnancy occurred. 167 cases were reported to the police; 68 of the perpetrators were sentenced as a result of legal proceedings.

Conclusion: Majority of sexual abuse takes place within the family and is revealed after multiple episodes. The underestimated prevalence of sexual assault is the consequence of the lack of cooperation between the emergency services and the Hungarian criminal law. Prevention requires vigilance in out-of-school times, child education, early involvement of healthcare professionals, and adjustment of the administration of justice.

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