Abstract
Background
Premature infants may lack mature cerebrovascular autoregulatory function and fail to adapt oxygen extraction to decreasing systemic perfusion.
Methods
Infants ≤28 weeks of gestational age (GA) were recruited. Systemic oxygen saturation (SpO2), mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), and cerebral saturation (near-infrared spectroscopy, SctO2) were measured continuously over the first 72 h. Resulting data underwent error-processing. For each remaining 10 m window, the mean MABP and fractional tissue oxygen extraction (FTOE) were calculated. The infants were divided into two groups (23–25 and 26–28 weeks). The median FTOE at low, medium, and high MABP values (empirically defined within each group based on the 25th and 75th centile) were compared between estimated gestational age (EGA) groups.
Results
Sample n=68, mean±SD GA=25.5±1.3 weeks, and birthweight (BW)=823±195 g. The median FTOE in the more preterm group vs. more mature group was statistically different at lower value of MABP (P<0.01) and higher values of MABP (P=0.01), but not at medium values (P=0.55).
Conclusion
The more mature group (GA 26–28 weeks) displayed an appropriate increase in oxygen extraction during hypotension, steadily decreasing as MABP increased, suggesting mature autoregulation. An opposite response was noted in the more preterm group, suggesting an inability to mount a compensatory response when BP is outside of the physiologic range.
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This work was supported by the following grants: Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences KL2 Training Program (NIH/NCATS KL2 TR000450) and The Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation and the Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences Clinical and Translational Funding Program (NIH/NCATS UL1 TR000448).
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Vesoulis, Z., Liao, S. & Mathur, A. Gestational age-dependent relationship between cerebral oxygen extraction and blood pressure. Pediatr Res 82, 934–939 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/pr.2017.196
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/pr.2017.196
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