Abstract
Background
CD31, expressed by the majority of the neonatal T-cell pool, is involved in modulation of T-cell receptor signaling by increasing the threshold for T-cell activation. Therefore, CD31 could modulate neonatal tolerance and adaptive immune responses.
Methods
Lymphocytes were harvested from murine neonates at different ages, human late preterm and term cord blood, and adult peripheral blood. Human samples were activated over a 5-day period to simulate acute inflammation. Mice were infected with influenza; lungs and spleens were harvested at days 6 and 9 post infection and analyzed by flow cytometry.
Results
CD31-expressing neonatal murine CD4+ and CD8a+ T cells increase over the first week of life. Upon in vitro stimulation, human infants’ CD4+ and CD8a+ T cells shed CD31 faster in comparison with adults. In the context of acute infection, mice infected at 3 days of age have an increased number of naive and activated CD31+ T lymphocytes at the site of infection at days 6 and 9 post infection, as compared with those infected at 7 days of age; however, the opposite is true in the periphery.
Conclusion
Differences in trafficking of CD31+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) during acute influenza infection could modulate tolerance and contribute to a dampened adaptive immune response in neonates.
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the obstetrical physicians and nurses in the Labor and Delivery Unit at Hahnemann University Hospital for subject identification and sample collection.
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Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number K08AI108791 to AC. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. In addition, funding was provided by the Margaret Q. Landenberger Foundation.
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Fike, A., Nguyen, L., Kumova, O. et al. Characterization of CD31 expression on murine and human neonatal T lymphocytes during development and activation. Pediatr Res 82, 133–140 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/pr.2017.81
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/pr.2017.81
