Fig. 1
From: Genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: seeking therapeutic targets in the era of gene therapy
Racial/ethnic difference of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) causative genes [28, 29, 93]. The pie charts of ALS causative genes in Europeans and Japan are shown, color-coded with SOD1, TARDBP, FUS, C9ORF72, and not determined (ND) in these four genes. Mutations were identified in 55.5% of Europeans with familial ALS and 43.6% of Japanese individuals with familial ALS. In sporadic ALS, only 7.4% of mutations were identified in Europe and 2.9% in Japan. The difference between European and Japanese is largely due to the difference in the frequency of C9ORF72 mutation, SOD1, and FUS being more common in Japanese and TARDBP being more common in European
