Fig. 1: Palmitic acid supplementation activates TG2 in murine cardiomyocytes.

a, b TG2 protein level (a) and TG2 activity (b) were assessed in lysates of left ventricular (LV) myocytes isolated from rat, wild-type, and TG2-deficient mice. c Effects of palmitic acid supplementation (PA, 100 μM) on intracellular TG2 activity. d ATP levels in PA-treated LV myocytes from rat hearts in the absence or presence of cystamine (CTM, 0.5 mM) or L-682.777 (100 μM), inhibitors of TG2. e ATP levels in PA-treated LV myocytes from wild-type and TG2-deficent mice. Data represent mean ± S.D. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared with control