Fig. 5: Functions of NAA10.
a NAA10 functions as a cotranslational NAT as part of the NatA complex on the ribosome, acetylating small or polar amino acids (alanine, serine, threonine, cysteine, valine, or glycine). It also has N-terminal propionyltransferase (NPT) activity toward the same substrates as for its NAT activity, transferring a propionyl group (Prop) to the N-terminus, albeit at a significantly lower frequency than Nt-acetylation. b As a lysine acetyltransferase (KAT), NAA10 acetylates Hsp70, causing it to shift towards chaperone activity. It acetylates SAMHD1, enhancing its dNTPase activity and promoting cancer cell proliferation. c NAA10 binds DNMT1 and mediates its interaction with DNA. DNMT1 then imprints DNA. Loss/depletion of NAA10 leads to dysregulation of this imprinting and inhibits normal development, but it may also suppress oncogenesis. d NAA10 interaction with PIX prevents the formation of the GIT/PIX/paxillin complex at focal adhesions, inhibiting GDP/GTP exchange on Rac1/Cdc42 and subsequent cell motility. NAT N-terminal acetyltransferase, KAT lysine acetyltransferase, NPT N-terminal propionyltransferase, A alanine, S serine, T threonine, C cysteine, V valine, G glycine, Ac acetyl group, Prop propionyl group, NAA N-α-acetyltransferase, SAMHD1 SAM domain and HD domain containing protein 1, Hsp70 Heat shock protein 70, PPI protein–protein interaction, DNMT1 DNA methyltransferase 1, Me methyl group, PAX paxillin, GIT ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT1, PIX PAK-interacting exchange factor, Rac1 Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1, Cdc42 cell division control protein 42
