Fig. 3: Network models delineating cellular processes represented by T2D-associated mitochondrial proteins (DEPs).

a Heat maps showing differential expression of 523 peptides with altered abundances between T2DM patients and nondiabetic controls. Colors represent upregulation (red) and downregulation (green) in T2DM compared with nondiabetic controls. The color bar denotes the gradient of the auto-scaled intensities with a mean = 0 and standard deviation = 1. b, c Cellular processes (GOBPs) represented by upregulated (b) and downregulated (c) proteins. The bars represent –log₁₀(P), where P represents the significance of each GOBP enriched by the DEPs. d, e Network models describing the interactions of the DEPs in mitochondria (d) and MAM (e) and their first neighbors involved in the selected GOBPs. The node colors represent upregulation (red) and downregulation (green) in T2DM compared with nondiabetic controls. The color bar denotes the gradient of the log₂-fold changes between T2DM and nondiabetic controls. The edges represent protein–protein interactions (gray) collected from four interactome databases